Descent to Hades of Raspberry Pi

Welcome to the computer world of Raspberry!

OS installation

Get the image from its offical website and extract it into the SD card by using the command 7za x file.zip. On Linux, dd is the image writing tool:

dd bs=4M if=2019-07-10-raspbian-buster.img of=/dev/sdX status=progress conv=fsync

For Pi3, there exists wireless card, so use sudo raspi-config to enable it.

change source list:

https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/raspbian/

Enable WiFi network

sudo apt install raspberry-headers
git clone

Share network to RPi by ethernet

[root@inspiron-7537 shane]# iptables -S
-P INPUT ACCEPT
-P FORWARD ACCEPT
-P OUTPUT ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i enp3s0f1 -o internet0 -j ACCEPT
[root@inspiron-7537 shane]# iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Then use arp we will find the address:

[root@inspiron-7537 shane]# arp
Address                  HWtype  HWaddress           Flags Mask            Iface
apollo.archlinux.org             (incomplete)                              enp3s0f1
192.168.137.244          ether   b8:27:eb:80:22:52   C                     enp3s0f1
_gateway                 ether   c4:ca:d9:38:48:e5   C                     wlp2s0

The IP of Pi is 192.168.137.244.

Config on Host Linux computer

First three commands

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlp2s0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -i enp3s0f1 -o wlp2s0 -j ACCEPT

If the first iptables is wrong, that’s because this arch has just upgraded its kernel so it needs reboot. But if it’s the problem of nat you might

sudo modprobe ip_tables
sudo echo "ip_tables" >> /etc/modules.

Second three commands

iptables -I INPUT -p udp --dport 67 -i enp3s0f1 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p udp --dport 53 -s 192.168.137.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -s 192.168.137.0/24 -j ACCEPT

Now it should be ok.

But sometimes we may face the problem of cannot connect to the wifi web. This is because the ip route takes ethernet as the default gateway. Check by ip route.
Then delete one: sudo route del default gw 192.168.137.1 enp3s0f1

RPi serving as NAS

turn on root

apt install samba
apt install ntfs-3g # mount ntfs
smbpasswd -a pi
sudo mkdir /mnt/ext4 /mnt/ntfs

Edit /etc/fstab

/dev/sda1   /mnt/ext4    ext4    defaults    0   0
/dev/sda2   /mnt/ntfs      ntfs    defaults    0   0

samba conf

For example

[linux-share]
        comment = EXT4 Partition
        path = /mnt/ext4
        public = no
        read only = no

Mount from Windows

我的电脑 > 右键”计算机” > 添加一个网络位置

Mounf from Linux

an example from /etc/fstab

//rpi4/win-share        /mnt/hard-disk-ntfs     cifs    _netdev,username=pi,password=shallwetalk,iocharset=utf8,uid=wsd,gid=wsd 0       0

离线下载

Install aria2c and webui-aria2